Constipation is very common during pregnancy, and it usually happens because of a mix of hormonal, physical, and lifestyle changes. Here are the main causes, explained simply:
1. Hormonal changes
Progesterone levels rise during pregnancy.
Progesterone relaxes smooth muscles, including the muscles of the intestines.
This slows bowel movements, so stool stays in the gut longer and becomes hard and dry.
2. Pressure from the growing uterus
As the uterus enlarges, it presses on the intestines and rectum.
This makes it harder for stool to move through the bowels, especially in later pregnancy.
3. Iron and prenatal supplements
Iron supplements, commonly prescribed in pregnancy, can cause constipation.
Some prenatal vitamins have high iron content, which can slow digestion.
4. Reduced physical activity
Fatigue or discomfort may lead to less exercise, which normally helps stimulate bowel movements.
5. Dietary changes
Low fiber intake (not enough fruits, vegetables, whole grains).
Inadequate fluid intake, leading to harder stools.
6. Slower digestion overall
Pregnancy naturally slows the movement of food through the digestive system, increasing water absorption from stool.
7. Stress and routine changes
Emotional stress or changes in daily routine can also affect normal bowel habits.
